加拿大教育由各省负责，联邦政府不设教育部。由于加拿大地域广阔，各省之间经济发展水平参差不齐， 各省建立了适合自身发展、相对独立的教育体制。
    加拿大政府认可的高等教育机构分为大学(University)和社区学院(College)等。加拿大大学绝大多数是公立大学，攻读本科一般需要3-4年，硕士研究生需要1-2年；博士研究生需要3年。社区学院侧重培养应用性专业技术人才，一般期限为2至3年。该类学校一般提供大专文凭与各种证书，不颁发学位，但可以选择一些以后可转读大学深造的课程，学制为1至2年，学完后可转入正规大学二、三年级继续攻读本科课程。目前，在加拿大以公司形式注册的私立学校数以千计，其专业、学科设置和教师资格等方面尚无有效监控。因此，中国学生在申请这些私立学校时，需要十分谨慎。
    以下为加拿大大学和学院名单：
大学 (University)
    Alberta省
    University of Alberta
    University of Calgary
    University of Lethbridge

    British Columbia 省
    Royal Roads University
    Simon Fraser University
    The University of British Columbia
    Trinity Western University
    University of Victoria
    University of Northern British Columbia

    Manitoba省
    Brandon University
    The University of Manitoba
    The University of Winnipeg

    New Brunswick省
    Université de Moncton
    Mount Alison University
    University of New Brunswick
    St. Thomas University

    Newfoundland & Labrador省
    Memorial University of Newfoundland

    Nova Scotia省
    Acadia University
    Dalhousie University
    Mount Saint Vincent University
    NSCAD University
    Saint Mary's University
    St. Francis Xavier University
    Université Sainte-Anne

    Ontario省
    Brock University
    Carleton University
    Lakehead University
    Laurentian University
    McMaster University
    Nipissing University
    Queen's University
    Ryerson University
    Saint Paul University
    St. Jerome's University
    Trent University
    University of Guelph
    University of Ottawa
    University of Toronto
    University of Sudbury
    University of Waterloo
    University of Western Ontario
    University of Windsor
    Wilfrid Laurier University
    York University

    Prince Edward Island 省
    University of Prince Edward Island

    Quebec 省
    Bishop's University
    Concordia University
    HEC Montréal
    Université Laval
    McGill University
    Tele-Université
    Université de Montréal
    école Polytechnique de Montréal
    Université du Québec ： école nationale d'administration publique
    Université du Québec ： école de technologie supérieure
    Université du Québec ： Institut national de la recherche scientifique
    Université du Québec ： Télé-université
    Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
    Université du Québec à Montréal
    Université du Québec à Rimouski
    Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue
    Université du Québec en Outaouais
    Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières
    Université du Québec
    Université de Sherbrooke

    Saskatchewan省
    University of Saskatchewan
    University of Regina
    First Nations University of Canada

学院 (College)
Alberta
大学学院
Concordia University College of Alberta
King’s University College

专业学院
Northern Alberta Institute of Technology
Southern Alberta Institute of Technology

学院及社区学院
Bow Valley College
Grande Prairie Regional College
Grant MacEwan College
Keyano College
Lakeland College
Lethbridge Community College
Medicine Hat College
Mount Royal College
NorQuest College
Northern Lakes College
Olds College
Portage College
Red Deer College
Maskwachees Cultural College

    British Columbia
大学学院
Kwantlen University College
Malaspina University-College
University College of the Cariboo
University College of the Fraser Valley
Okanagan University College

    专业学院
British Columbia Institute of Technology
Nicola Valley Institute of Technology
Emily Carr Institute of Art and Design
Institute of Indigenous Government
Justice Institute of British Columbia

    学院及社区学院
Camosun College
Langara College
Selkirk College
Capilano College
College of the Rockies
North Island College
Douglas College
Northern Lights College
Northwest Community College
Vancouver Community College
College of New Caledonia

  Manitoba
大学学院
The College Universtaire de Saint-Boniface

学院及社区学院
Assiniboine Community College
Keewatin Community College
Providence College
Red River College
Steinbach Bible College
Winnipeg Technical College

    New Brunswick
社区学院
New Brunswick Community College
Newfoundland & Labrador

学院
College of the North Atlantic

NWT
学院
Aurora College

    Nova Scotia
学院
大学学院
University College of Cape Breton
University of King's College
Université Sainte-Anne - Collège de l'Acadie
University College of Cape Breton (UCCB)

学院及社区学院
Nova Scotia Agricultural College
Nova Scotia Community College
 
    Nunavut
学院
Nunavut Arctic College

    Ontario
大学学院
Brescia University College
Huron University College
King's University College at The University of Western Ontario
Redeemer University College
University of St。
    Michael’s College
University of Trinity College

学院及社区学院
Algonquin College of Applied Arts and Technology
Cambrian College of Applied Arts and Technology
Canadore College of Applied Arts and Technology
Centennial College of Applied Arts and Technology
Collège Boréal
Collège dominicain de philosophie et de théologie
Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning
Confederation College of Applied Arts and Technology
Durham College of Applied Arts and Technology
Fanshawe College of Applied Arts and Technology
George Brown College of Applied Arts and Technology
Georgian College of Applied Arts and Technology
Humber College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning
La Cité collégiale
Lambton College of Applied Arts and Technology
Loyalist College of Applied Arts and Technology
Mohawk College of Applied Arts and Technology
Niagara College of Applied Arts and Technology
Northern College of Applied Arts and Technology
St. Clair College of Applied Arts and Technology
St. Lawrence College of Applied Arts and Technology
Sault College of Applied Arts and Technology
Seneca College of Applied Arts and Technology
Sheridan College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning
Sir Sandford Fleming College of Applied Arts and Technology

Prince Edward Island
学院
Holland College

Quebec
学院及社区学院
Cégep de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue
Collège Ahuntsic
Cégep André-Laurendeau
Collège de Bois-de-Boulogne
Champlain Regional College
Dawson College
Cégep de Drummondville
Collège édouard-Montpetit
  Collège Fran？ois-Xavier-Garneau
Cégep de la Gaspésie et des ？les
Collège Gérald-Godin
Heritage College
Institut de technologie agroalimentaire de La Pocatière
Institut de technologie agroalimentaire de Saint-Hyacinthe
Institut du Tourisme & d'H？tellerie du Québec
John Abbott College
Cégep de Jonquière
Collège Laflèche
Collège LaSalle
Cégep de Limoilou
Collège Lionel-Groulx
    Collège de Maisonneuve
    Marianopolis College
Cégep de Matane
Collège Mérici
Collège de l'Outaouais
Cégep régional de Lanaudière
Cégep de Rivière-du-loup
Collège de Rosemont
Cégep de Saint-Hyacinthe
Cégep Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu
Cégep de Saint-Jér？me
Cégep de Saint-Laurent
Cégep de Sept-Iles
Collège Shawinigan
Collège de Sherbrooke
Cégep de Sorel-Tracy
Cégep de Trois-Rivières
Vanier College
Cégep du Vieux-Montréal

Saskatchewan
学院及社区学院
St. Thomas More College
Campion College
Luther College

    Yukon
学院
Yukon College